In this article, we are going to answer some of your questions around Fungal Nail Infections! 6 Top Questions Answered: What exactly is nail fungus? How does nail fungus spread? Where do I catch this nasty little blighter from? What is the cause of the nasty nail fungus? What does it look like? And finally, are fungal nails infectious?
Yes yes yes this is an exciting foot topic so hold on to your socks we are ready to Rock!(Yes, I am a fun-guy (boom-tish)
The most common type is Dermatophytes. These appear to be most prevalent in temperate climates while Candida is more common in tropical or subtropical (think Warmer northern areas of Australia. Another possibility is nondermatophytic molds, which is more common in warmer climates.
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When the fungal nail infection is due to Dermatophytes, it is often referred to as tinea unguium. Of these, it is most likely to be a Trichophyton rubrum. Now, less common but also possible runners up in the dermatophytes stakes are, T. interdigitale, Epidermophyton floccosum, T. violaceum, Microsporum gypseum, T. tonsurans, andT. soudanense.
If you’re a layperson wondering why your nail looks odd the names of these are going to be important, but perhaps you’re a nerdy foot geek and this is really exciting stuff. OK, perhaps not!
Most nail fungus Will start by looking like a yellow or brown spot or streak in your toenail. Most people will notice that their nail seems to be lifting away from the skin.
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Nails that are heavily infected will become very yellow or brown discoloured and may also appear thickened. At times it may look a little crumbly and even “worm-eaten”. This appearance, for most people, will take years to occur and does not spontaneously happen overnight.
Fungal nail infections are highly contagious. The fungus produces spores or perhaps easier thought of as eggs. These are invisible to the human eye. They are also very hearty and may Live in multiple areas that have come in contact with a live fungus, such as your socks or shoes. They may also be found in areas such as showers. This makes communal areas in gymnasiums and swimming pools such as change rooms A hotbed for fungal nail transmission.
Reinfection of fungal nails is also quite high if the areas that they live in, and produced spores in, is not treated also. Or the patient continues to use the same infected spaces that they did before their treatment
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The first sign for many people is a tinea infection on their skin. This usually presents as dry white flaky skin or in its very early stages tiny waterless blisters on feet
There are certain groups of people that are more predisposed to fungal infections. Patients with diabetes, those who are immunosuppressed, and there seems to be an increased incidence in people over 60 years of age; which of course may include the two previously mentioned groups
Most laypeople commonly misunderstand fungal infections. They are a completely different group to both bacteria and viruses. With this in mind, their treatment is also significantly different. For example, antibiotics and antivirals will not affect fungal nail infections.
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Fungal nail infections are not a result of being unclean or unhygienic. Many people mistakenly believe that they simply need to wash their towels or socks more frequently and wash between their toes, and the infection will go away. However, this will have no result on the fungal infection whatsoever.
Fungal nail Infections are highly infectious! It is common to see in family groups, in particular, those that share the same communal wet areas such as showers and bathrooms.
Fungal nails are one of the most challenging and annoying to treat conditions that podiatrists and other medical professionals come across. This, in my experience, is mostly due to The high reinfection rate and the need to treat not only the infected area but the surrounding environment as well.
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You may also like to try our fungal nail calculator. This is the first fungal nail calculator in the world and will help guide you to potential treatment protocols. Use this guide to help guide you to understand better the level of infection that you may have present and give helpful suggestions as to what the best therapies maybe. Head to fungalnailDr.com.au
Founder of A Step Ahead Foot + Ankle Care in Sydney, and former president of the Australasian Podiatry Council, Dr Brenden Brown (A.K.A Dr Foot) is a wealth of knowledge on how to take care of your feet, including how to find the best shoes.
Choosing yourSydney foot doctoris an important decision and can mean the difference between getting mediocre results and living pain-free. Learn about the top 10 things you should know when choosing your podiatrist in St Marys or Penrith.
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Need help? Need another opinion? Just want to get this sorted? Great, we’d love to help you ? You can start by calling our wonderfully helpful team on 9673 2987. They are all parents and will be able to help answer questions and guide you in the right direction.
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Dr Brenden’s White paper report on the “6 Reasons You Won’t Beat Heal Pain” outlines what’s stopping you from beating this and tips on how to stop it in its tracks!
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Are you worried about pain in your child feet? Not sure whats normal and whats not? Try accessing Dr Brenden’s helpful report on the “Growing pains – 7 simple signs every parent should know!”
We would love to help! We realise you are busy. We popped this in to offer a quick way to get answers to your questions or problemFungal nail infections, also known as “onychomycosis, ” are very common. They may affect up to 14% of the general population. Fungal toenail infections are more common than fungal fingernail infections.1
Most fungal nail infections are not serious. However, some people may experience pain or be bothered by the appearance of their nails.
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Fungal nail infections may cause nails to become discolored, thick, fragile, or cracked. The nail may also become separated from the nail bed.
People who have fungal toenail infections often have a fungal skin infection on the foot, especially between the toes (commonly called athlete’s foot, ringworm on the foot, or tinea pedis).
Fungal nail infections are caused by many different types of fungi that live in the environment. Small cracks in your nail or the surrounding skin can allow these germs to enter your nail and cause an infection.
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Anyone can get a fungal nail infection. Some people may be more likely than others to get a fungal nail infection, including older adults and people who have the following conditions: 2
Occasionally, a bacterial infection can occur on top of a fungal nail infection and cause serious illness. This is more common in people with diabetes or other conditions that weaken the body’s defenses against infection.
Your healthcare provider should generally confirm your diagnosis using laboratory testing before prescribing antifungal treatment. To confirm the diagnosis, the healthcare provider might collect a nail clipping to look at under a microscope or to send to a laboratory for testing.
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Fungal nail infections can be difficult to cure, and treatment is most successful when started early. Fungal nail infections typically don’t go away on their own, and the best treatment is usually prescription antifungal pills taken by mouth. In severe cases, a healthcare professional might remove the nail completely. It can take several months to a year for the infection to go away.
Fungal nail infections can be closely associated with fungal skin infections. If a fungal infection is not treated, it can spread from one place to the other. Patients should discuss all skin concerns with their healthcare provider to ensure that all fungal infections are properly treated.
Even after treatment, fungal nail infections can come back. This is more common in people who have conditions like diabetes that make them more likely to get a fungal nail infection. If you suspect an infection has returned, contact your healthcare provider.
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Onychomycosis can be difficult to diagnose based on physical appearance and clinical history alone. Clinicians should confirm a diagnosis of onychomycosis by laboratory testing before prescribing antifungal medications . The following types of laboratory tests can confirm the diagnosis of onychomycosis:
Antimicrobial-resistant onychomycosis is a growing problem.13-15 Therefore, antifungal susceptibility testing may be considered based on the fungus or fungi identified and the patient’s clinical course.12, 16, 17
Oral antifungal therapy should be prescribed only after confirmation of fungal infection . Oral terbinafine is typically the first-line treatment for confirmed onychomycosis. The treatment course is generally 6 weeks for fingernails and 12 weeks for toenails.9Given increasing reports of terbinafine resistance in onychomycosis, the possibility of resistance should be considered if patients do not improve with therapy. Identification and susceptibility testing of the causative fungus or fungi may help guide therapy. Note, however, that antimicrobial resistance is not the only possible reason for treatment failure.17 Clinicians should also consider the possibility of incorrect diagnosis or
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